PT Journal AU Leino, PI Hänninen, V TI Psychosocial factors at work in relation to back and limb disorders SO Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health PD 4VL PY 1995 BP 134 EP 142 IS 2 DI 10.5271/sjweh.20 WP https://www.sjweh.fi/show_abstract.php?abstract_id=20 DE follow-up; low-back pain; MSD; musculoskeletal disorder; neck pain; physical workload; psychosocial factor; shoulder pain; stress; work satisfaction SN 0355-3140 AB '

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OBJECTIVES ': 'This study was a 10-year follow-up of the associations between work content, work control, social relationships at work, mental overstrain, physical work load, and musculoskeletal morbidity in the neck, shoulders and upper limb region, the low back, and the lower limbs among workers in the metal industry.'

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METHODS ': 'A sample of 902 blue- and white-collar employees were studied. Measurements were made twice at a 10-year interval by questionnaire and clinical examination.'

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RESULTS ': 'At the beginning of the study, mental overstrain showed several associations with both the symptoms and the findings. The other psychosocial factors were the most consistently associated with the symptoms in the region of the neck, shoulder, and upper limbs and also in the lower-limb region among the middle-aged men. Prospectively, the social relations and the work content scores predicted the change in several morbidity scores. The associations were independent of physical work load.'

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CONCLUSION ': 'Work-related psychosocial factors were associated with, and predicted, the change in the occurrence of musculoskeletal disorders when age, gender, social class, and physical work lead were controlled for.

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