PT Journal AU Härmä, M Tenkanen, L Sjöblom, T Alikoski, T Heinsalmi, P TI Combined effects of shift work and life-style on the prevalence of insomnia, sleep deprivation and daytime sleepiness SO Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health PD 8VL PY 1998 BP 300 EP 307 IS 4 DI 10.5271/sjweh.324 WP https://www.sjweh.fi/show_abstract.php?abstract_id=324 DE alcohol; physical activity; shift work; sleep; sleepiness SN 0355-3140 AB '

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OBJECTIVES ': 'The combined effects of age, leisure-time physical activity, smoking, alcohol consumption, and different forms of shift work on the prevalence of sleep complaints and daytime sleepiness were studied among workers in industry, transport, and traffic.'

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METHODS ': 'Altogether 3020 subjects were studied using a psychosocial questionnaire. The participants were currently employed men, aged 45-60 years, from a postal and telecommunication agency, the railway company, and 5 industrial companies. On the basis of a factor analysis of an 11-item sleep questionnaire, the sleep complaints were grouped into the categories of insomnia, sleep deprivation, daytime sleepiness, and snoring. The importance of the shift schedule, age, and life-style factors as simultaneous predictors of the complaints was studied in a logistic regression analysis and an analysis of covariance.'

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RESULTS ': 'The prevalence of insomnia, sleep deprivation, and daytime sleepiness depended significantly on the shift system. All sleep complaints were more common in 2- and 3-shift work and in irregular shift work than in day work. The prevalence of daytime sleepiness was 20-37%, depending on the shift system. Leisure-time physical activity and alcohol consumption were the most important life-style factors predicting all sleep complaints, except snoring. The effects of physical activity and alcohol consumption differed for different shift schedules.'

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CONCLUSION ': 'Different shift systems, also 2-shift work and permanent night work, seem to increase the frequency of sleep complaints. Especially 3-shift work seems to interact with life-style factors by increasing the adverse effects and decreasing the beneficial effects on sleep and sleepiness.

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