%0 Journal Article %T Lead concentrations in human plasma, urine and whole blood %A Bergdahl, Ingvar A. %A Schütz, Andrejs %A Gerhardsson, Lars %A Jensen, A. %A Skerfving, Staffan %J Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health %D 1997 %8 October 23 %N 5 %@ 0355-3140 %F Bergdahl1997 %X '

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OBJECTIVES ': 'Blood-lead levels (B-Pb), and to some extent urinary lead (U-Pb), are the most employed measures of lead exposure and risk. However, the small fraction of lead present in plasma (usually below 1% of that in blood) is probably more relevant to lead exposure and toxicity. Nevertheless, the lead content of plasma lead (P-Pb) has only seldom been used, mainly due to analytical limitations, which have now been overcome. We examined P-Pb in occupationally exposed subjects, as well as its relationship with B-Pb and U-Pb.

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METHODS ': 'Blood samples were obtained from 145 male workers, 110 of whom were employed in lead work. After a simple dilution of plasma, P-Pb was determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The detection limit was 0.04 µg/l, and the imprecision was 5%.

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RESULTS ': 'The lead concentration ranges were 0.20–37 µg/l for P-Pb, 0.9–176 µg/l (density adjusted) for U-Pb, and 9–930 µg/l for B-Pb. A close exponential relation was obtained between B-Pb and P-Pb. When B-Pb was plotted versus log P-Pb, a straight line (log P-Pb=0.00225 · B-Pb – 0.58; r=0.97) was obtained. Both the relation between U-Pb and P-Pb and that between U-Pb and B-Pb showed a large scattering (r=0.78 in both cases). The relation to B-Pb appeared to be exponential, while that to P-Pb appeared to be linear.

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CONCLUSION ': 'The low detection limit and good precision of P-Pb determinations make it possible to use P-Pb in assessments of lead exposure and risk. Furthermore, in relative terms, P-Pb is a more sensitive measure than B-Pb, especially at high lead levels. This development is of importance for studies of exposure, possibly also for studies of risks.

%K biological monitoring %K inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry %K serum %R 10.5271/sjweh.232 %U https://www.sjweh.fi/show_abstract.php?abstract_id=232 %U https://doi.org/10.5271/sjweh.232 %P 359-363