%0 Journal Article %T Urinary chromium as an indicator of the exposure of welders to chromium. %A Tola, Sakari %A Kilpiö, Jukka %A Virtamo, Matti %A Haapa, Kauko %J Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health %D 1977 %8 December 3 %N 4 %@ 0355-3140 %F Tola1977 %X

Five welders working with high alloy Cr-Ni steel and one working with mild steel were followed during one work week. The chromium concentration in air was measured concomitantly with urinary chromium determinations. The water-soluble chromium concentrations in air exceeded 0.05 mg/m3 during welding with coated electrodes, but metal inert-gas (MIG) welding produced much lower concentrations. The proportion of water-soluble hexavalent chromium in the air was usually more than 50% of the total chromium concentration during welding with coated electrodes, whereas less than 10% of the chromium produced during MIG welding was in a water-soluble. Since water-soluble chromium (hexavalent) is the more important biologically, the determination of both water-soluble and water-insoluble chromium concentrations is emphasized instead of the measurement of the total concentration. The urinary chromium concentration proved to be a good indicator of short-term exposure to water-soluble chromium when exposure was above the current threshold limit value of 0.05 mg/m3, concentrations of more than 30 microgram/g of creatinine representing an exposure level higher than the threshold limit value.

%K biological exposure test %K chromium %K exposure %K urinary chromium %K welder %K welding %R 10.5271/sjweh.2773 %U https://www.sjweh.fi/show_abstract.php?abstract_id=2773 %U https://doi.org/10.5271/sjweh.2773 %P 192-202